Gautama Buddha – Founder of Buddhism
Gautama Buddha (born as Prince Siddhartha Gautama) is the founder of Buddhism, one of the world’s major religions focused on overcoming suffering through wisdom, ethical living, and meditation.
1. Birth and Early Life
- Born around 563 BCE in Lumbini (modern-day Nepal).
- Father: King Śuddhodana, ruler of the Shakya clan.
- Mother: Queen Māyādevī.
- His birth was accompanied by auspicious signs indicating a special destiny.
2. Prophecy and Shelter
- Prophecy predicted Siddhartha would either be a great emperor or a spiritual leader.
- His father sheltered him from suffering, providing a life of luxury within the palace.
3. The Four Sights
- During trips outside, Siddhartha saw:
- An old man (sign of aging)
- A sick person (sign of illness)
- A dead body (sign of death)
- A wandering ascetic (symbol of renunciation)
- These experiences made him reflect on life’s impermanence and suffering.
4. Renunciation
- At 29 years old, Siddhartha renounced royal life, leaving his palace and family.
- He became a wandering ascetic, seeking spiritual answers.
5. Enlightenment
- After years of meditation and ascetic practices, Siddhartha attained enlightenment (Bodhi) under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya at the age of 35.
- He realized the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, forming the core of Buddhist teachings.
6. Teaching Life
- For the next 45 years, Buddha taught across northern India.
- He founded the Sangha (community of monks and nuns) and spread teachings on how to overcome suffering (dukkha).
7. Parinirvana (Final Nirvana)
- Buddha passed away at the age of 80 in Kushinagar, India.
- His death is called Parinirvana, meaning liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
Summary
Gautama Buddha’s life journey transformed from prince to enlightened teacher, inspiring millions worldwide with the path of wisdom, compassion, and freedom from suffering.